Abstract:Package managers are legion. Every programming language and operating system has its own solution, each with subtly different semantics for dependency resolution. This fragmentation prevents multilingual projects from expressing precise dependencies across language ecosystems; it leaves external system and hardware dependencies implicit and unversioned; it obscures security vulnerabilities that lie in the full dependency graph. We present the \textit{Package Calculus}, a formalism for dependency resolution that unifies the core semantics of diverse package managers. Through a series of formal reductions, we show how this core is expressive enough to model the diversity that real-world package managers employ in their dependency expression languages. By using the Package Calculus as the intermediate representation of dependencies, we enable translation between distinct package managers and resolution across ecosystems.
而在加入 Meta 之前，庞若鸣曾领导苹果基础模型团队（AFM），带领约 100 人研发大型语言模型，为 Apple Intelligence 等功能提供底层能力。
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Results are compared to previous-generation 16-inch MacBook Pro with Apple M4 Pro, 14-core CPU, 20-core GPU, 48GB of unified memory, and a 4TB SSD.
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